What are the three climbing disciplines at the Olympics?

In sport climbing’s first appearance at the Olympics, eight men and eight women have advanced to the finals, scheduled for Thursday and Friday in Tokyo.

Adam Ondra of the Czech Republic, widely considered the best indoor and outdoor climber in the world, is among them. The biggest question is whether he can convert that talent into a gold medal in the Olympics’ version of sport climbing.

Outdoors, on real rocks, Ondra has scaled the most difficult routes ever climbed around the world. Indoors, on fake obstacles and holds, he has won a slew of world championships and World Cup events.

But this is different, in a lot of important ways. Mainly, climbing’s entry into the Olympic program came with…