The defender was one of two Reds called up by coach Gareth Southgate for the upcoming Euro 2020 qualifying games against Czech Republic on Friday and Montenegro on Monday, along with Marcus Rashford.
England had already been hit by a spate of withdrawals, with Southampton's James Ward-Prowse called into the group on Monday after Manchester City duo John Stones and Fabian Delph, plus Chelsea's Ruben Loftus-Cheek, pulled out.
Shaw played in United's disappointing 2-1 Emirates FA Cup defeat to Wolves at the quarter-final stage on Saturday but there will be some concern about his availability for the Reds' next game - the Old Trafford encounter with Watford on 30 March.