Goals from Cody Gakpo and Frenkie de Jong either side of half-time were enough to seal a valuable win for Louis van Gaal's side and confirm the Oranje's spot at the top of their group.
Gakpo's unerring finish from Davy Klaassen's pass opened the scoring, before Frenkie de Jong hammered home a rebound just after the break, following a saved effort from former Red Memphis Depay.
The Netherlands saw out the rest of the match in a controlled manner, with Qatar never really threatening, to seal a last 16 clash with whichever nation finishes second in Group B - England's group.