Premier League sides have been accused of exploiting fan loyalty after a Mail on Sunday survey found that all but three clubs have signed commercial deals with cryptocurrency companies.
Campaign groups criticised sides such as West Ham and Southampton for seeking to monetise their interaction with supporters through tie-ups with 'fan token' firms, who sell digital currency in return for a role in minor club decisions.
Industry experts added that these commercial deals could replace football club's hugely lucrative relationship with gambling companies if the Government's proposed ban on betting advertising comes into effect.