Merseyside Police said the Brazil international was stopped by police in Liverpool city centre on Christmas Eve.
He is expected to appear in court next month on the day the Reds play Chelsea at Anfield.
A force spokesman said: "Merseyside Police has charged a 25-year-old man with drink-driving after his car was stopped in Liverpool city centre in the early hours of Saturday.
"Roberto Firmino, from Liverpool, will appear at Liverpool City magistrates' court on Tuesday, January 31, 2016."
The footballer moved from Hoffenheim in Germany to Liverpool for £29million in 2015.